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http://kr.blog.yahoo.com/koramsohn@sbcglobal.net/1746

Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ ±¹¸³ ¿ª»ç°ø¿ø, Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico :

´º¸ß½ÃÄÚ ÁÖ ºÏ¼­ÂÊ Â÷ÄÚ Ä³´Ï¾ð (Chaco Canyon)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ À¯ÀûÁö´Ù. ¸Þ¸¶¸¥ Ȳ¹«Áö, ±ä °Ü¿ï ³¯¾¾¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí À̰÷¿¡ ¼ÒÀ§ ¡°ancestral Puebloan¡± ¹®¸íÀÌ 1õ¿© ³â Àü¿¡ ÀÚ¸® Àâ°í ¹ø¼ºÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¾à°£ ÀÌÇØ°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

Gallup, NM¿¡¼­ ÇÏ·ç ¹ãÀ» ¸Ó¹°°í ¹«Ã´ ¡°¸Þ¸¶¸¥ Ȳ¹«ÁöÀÎ Áö¿ª¡±À» ¿îÀüÀ» ÇÏ°í °¬´Ù. ¿ì¼± °¡´Â ±æÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ºñÆ÷Àåµµ·ÎÀ̱⿡ 4·û Â÷¸¦ ¸ô°í °¬´Âµ¥µµ ¿îÀüÇϱⰡ Èûµé¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹æ¹®ÇÑ 11¿ùÀÇ ³¯¾¾°¡ Çϵµ Ãä°í, ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ¼¼°Ô ºÒ¾î Á¦´ë·Î ±¸°æÇÑ °Í °°Áö ¾Ê´Ù. À̰÷¿¡¼­´Â ±ÙóÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î dz°æ°ú ƯÈ÷ Pueblo Bonito ¿¡¼­ ¼ö¹é °³ÀÇ ¹æÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Â ¡±¸¶À»¡°À» º¸°í; ±×¸®°í Una Vida ¿Í ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢ ¿À¼Ö±æ(Petroglyph Trail)¿¡¼­ ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢(petroglyphs)À» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷À» ´ë°­ °£Ãß·Á º¸¸é,

Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ ±¹¸³ ¿ª»ç°ø¿ø, Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico :

´º¸ß½ÃÄÚ ÁÖ ºÏ¼­ÂÊ Â÷ÄÚ Ä³´Ï¾ð (Chaco Canyon)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ À¯ÀûÁö´Ù. ¸Þ¸¶¸¥ Ȳ¹«Áö, ±ä °Ü¿ï ³¯¾¾¿¡µµ ºÒ±¸Çϰí À̰÷¿¡ ¼ÒÀ§ ¡°ancestral Puebloan¡± ¹®¸íÀÌ 1õ¿© ³â Àü¿¡ ÀÚ¸® Àâ°í ¹ø¼ºÇß´Ù´Â °ÍÀº ¾à°£ ÀÌÇØ°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.

Gallup, NM¿¡¼­ ÇÏ·ç ¹ãÀ» ¸Ó¹°°í ¹«Ã´ ¡°¸Þ¸¶¸¥ Ȳ¹«ÁöÀÎ Áö¿ª¡±À» ¿îÀüÀ» ÇÏ°í °¬´Ù. ¿ì¼± °¡´Â ±æÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ºñÆ÷Àåµµ·ÎÀ̱⿡ 4·û Â÷¸¦ ¸ô°í °¬´Âµ¥µµ ¿îÀüÇϱⰡ Èûµé¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¹æ¹®ÇÑ 11¿ùÀÇ ³¯¾¾°¡ Çϵµ Ãä°í, ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ¼¼°Ô ºÒ¾î Á¦´ë·Î ±¸°æÇÑ °Í °°Áö ¾Ê´Ù. À̰÷¿¡¼­´Â ±ÙóÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î dz°æ°ú ƯÈ÷ Pueblo Bonito ¿¡¼­ ¼ö¹é °³ÀÇ ¹æÀ» °®°í ÀÖ´Â ¡±¸¶À»¡°À» º¸°í; ±×¸®°í Una Vida ¿Í ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢ ¿À¼Ö±æ(Petroglyph Trail)¿¡¼­ ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢(petroglyphs)À» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¿©±â¼­ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷À» ´ë°­ °£Ãß·Á º¸¸é,

(A) Pueblo Bonito (½ºÆäÀÎ ¾î·Î ¡°¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ¸¶À», Beautiful Town"): ¼­±â 800-1200³âµµ ±îÁö ¼ö õ ¸íÀÇ Àεð¾ðÀÌ »ì´ø ¸¶À»ÀÌ´Ù. »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ðÀÓ, ¿¹½Ä°ú »ç¾÷À» ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ¸¹Àº Àεð¾ðµéÀÌ ¸Õ °÷¿¡¼­ µé¸£°ï Çß´Ù. ÀÌ °ø¿ø¿¡¼­ Ǫ¿¡ºí·Î ÁýÅÍ °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå ±Ô¸ð°¡ Å©°í, Àß ¹ß±¼µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¹Àº ¹æ°ú ¼ö½Ê °³ÀÇ Å°¹Ù (ÁöÇÏ¿¹¹è´ç, kiva)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵é ÁýµéÀº ¼³°èµµ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Áö¾îÁø ¼ÒÀ§ ¡®°íÃþ °Ç¹°¡¯ÀÌ´Ù. ±Ùó Àýº®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â »ç¾ÏÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Áö¾ú´Ù.
A few thousand people may have lived in Chaco Canyon during the heyday-and thousands more were drawn here from far-flung locales to attend great gatherings, ceremonies, and trading events staged in the plazas. The towering canyon cliffs provided them with ample building stone.

¡ü Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ ±¹¸³¿ª»ç°ø¿ø ÀÔ±¸. The Entrance to Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico.

¡ü¡ü¡ü¡ü Â÷ÄÚ¹®È­ ±¹¸³¿ª»ç°ø¿ø °æÄ¡. Scenerey of Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico.


 

 

¡ü ¼­±â 1100³âµµ ÃʱâÀÇ Pueblo BonitoÀÇ ±×¸². 3 ¿¡ÀÌÄ¿ (acre)ÀÇ ÅäÁö¿¡ "D-¸ð¾ç¡°À¸·Î µÇ ÀÖ°í 2 ÇöóÀÚ ¹× ¼ö½Ê °³ÀÇ Å°¹Ù°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. 4-5ÃþÀ¸·Î µÇ ÀÖ°í 600°³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹æÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Pueblo Bonito as it may have appeared in the early AD 1100s. More than 600 rooms towered 4 and 5 stories above the valley floor, covering 3 acres. The building was D-shaped and enclosed 2 plazas with dozens of ceremonial kivas.

¡ü ¼ÒÀ§ Great KivaÀÇ ±×¸². A picture of Great Kiva:

¡ü¡ü Ű¹Ù¿Í ±¤Àå. Kiva and Plaza.
* Kivas, Ű¹Ù : ºÏ¹Ì Pueblo Àεð¾ðÀÇ ÁöÇÏ ¿¹¹è ÀåÀ¸·Î ¿¹½ÄÀ̳ª ´Ù¸¥ »çȸÀû Çà»ç¿¡ ¾²¿´´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐ ¿øÇüÀ̳ª Ÿ¿øÇüÀÌ´Ù.
Kivas were used for religious worship, preparation, dance, prayer vigils, public gatherings, and other activities.
* ±¤Àå ¶Ç´Â plaza´Â »çȸÀû Çà»ç, ¸ÅÀÏÀÇ È°µ¿, ¹°°ÇÀ» »ç°í ÆÄ´Â µîÀ» ÇÑ °÷ÀÌ´Ù. Major plazas: plazas are important areas, where many activities take place-public ceremonies, trading, community gatherings, and daily activities.

¡ü Pueblo Bonito.

¡ü 1941³â¿¡´Â ±ÙóÀÇ ¹ÙÀ§°¡ ¹®¾îÁö¸ç 30°³ÀÇ ¹æÀÌ ÆÄ±«µÇ¾ú´Ù. Threatening Rock collapsed Jan 1941. This rockfall destroyed about 30 rooms.

   

¡ü¡ü ±×µéÀÇ ÃâÀÔ±¸¸¦ º¸¸é Â÷ÄÚ Àεð¾ðµé ۰¡ ÀÛ¾Ò´ø ¸ð¾çÀÌ´Ù. Chacoans might have been small in height. Look at their doorways.

¡ü õ¹®ÇÐ ÀûÀΠǥ½ÄÀ¸·Î ¾²¿´´Ù. µ¿Áö(ÔÏò¸)¿¡´Â ¾ÆÄ§ ÇÞºûÀÌ ÀÌ Ã¢¹®À» ÅëÇØ ¾î´À ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ÁöÁ¡¿¡ °¡¼­ ´ê´Â´Ù. The southeast-facing corner doorway appears to function as an astronomical marker. When the sun rises on the morning of the winter solstice, sunlight passes through the opening and strikes the opposite room behind it.

(B) ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢ ¿À¼Ö±æ, Petroglyph Trail: »ç¸·ÀÇ ¾Ï¼® Ç¥¸é¿¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â °ËÀº ºûÀ» »ç¸· ¿Í´Ï½º( Desert Varnish, varnish´Â ¡°¿Í´Ï½º¡±)¶ó°í Çϴµ¥ ÀÌ ¿Í´Ï½º°¡ »ö±òÀÌ ¿¯¾î ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢ÀÌ ¼±¸íÇÏ°Ô º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
The petroglyphs along the north cliff between Pueblo Bonito and Chetro Ketl.

(C) Una Vida (½ºÆäÀÎ ¾î·Î "ÇÑ »ý¸í, One Life"): ¾ÆÁ÷ Àß Å½»çµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº °÷À¸·Î ¼­±â 85-1250³â °æ¿¡ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ì ´ø °÷ÀÌ´Ù. À̰÷¿¡¼­´Â ÀÏ¹Ý °æÄ¡¿Í ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢À» º¸¾Ò´Ù. The area house was occupied AD 85-1250's.

(D) Others: Casa Rinconada and the accompanying small houses which are of equal interest to archaeologists; and there is the rock art. The great kiva at Casa Rinconada is 63 feet in diameter, is almost perfectly round, and is aligned on a north-south axis. Hundreds of people would have participated in ceremonies in such a large and important space. The rest of the petroglyphs and the supernova pictograph are a half-day's hike by themselves.

 

¡ü¡ü¡ü ¡ü¡ü Una Vida ¹× ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢ ¿À¼Ö±æ (Petroglyph Trail)¿¡¼­ º» ¾Ï¼®Á¶°¢. Petroglyphs we saw in Una Vida and Petroglyph Trail.